Presidential Regulation on the Framework for Artificial Intelligence Development
Establishes Indonesia's national strategy for AI development and deployment, focusing on ethical standards, national interests, and economic growth. Includes provisions for AI governance, data protection, and requirements for AI systems to respect local values and cultural norms.
| Jurisdiction | Indonesia |
|---|---|
| Category | AI Regulations |
| Status | Active |
| Latest development |
Analysis
Key Requirements
The Presidential Regulation on the Framework for Artificial Intelligence Development in Indonesia establishes several key requirements:
- Ethical AI Development: AI systems must be developed and deployed in accordance with ethical principles that respect Indonesian cultural values and norms. This includes ensuring AI does not discriminate or perpetuate biases.
- Data Protection: Organizations developing or deploying AI must comply with Indonesia's Personal Data Protection Law to safeguard individual privacy and data rights.
- National Interest Alignment: AI development should support Indonesia's national development goals in key sectors like healthcare, education, and agriculture.
- Governance Framework: Establishes an AI governance body to oversee AI development and ensure compliance with regulations.
- Transparency and Explainability: AI systems must be transparent and explainable, especially in high-stakes applications like healthcare or finance.
Compliance Challenges
Organizations face several challenges in complying with these regulations:
- Balancing Innovation and Regulation: Companies struggle to innovate rapidly while ensuring full regulatory compliance. A study by PwC Indonesia found that 62% of businesses view regulatory uncertainty as a major barrier to AI adoption.
- Data Localization Requirements: Indonesia's data protection laws require certain data to be stored locally, which can be challenging for global AI companies. This has led to delays in cloud service deployments by major tech firms.
- Lack of Skilled Workforce: There is a shortage of AI talent in Indonesia, making it difficult for companies to build compliant AI systems. The World Bank reports that Indonesia needs to significantly increase its pool of AI professionals.
Implementation Best Practices
To effectively implement these regulations, organizations should:
- Conduct Ethical Impact Assessments: Regularly assess AI systems for potential ethical issues or biases. The UNESCO AI Ethics Self-Assessment Tool can be a useful resource.
- Establish a Governance Committee: Create a cross-functional team to oversee AI development and ensure compliance. The OECD AI Principles provide a good framework for governance.
- Invest in Explainable AI: Implement techniques to make AI decision-making more transparent. Tools like SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) can help explain model outputs.
- Prioritize Data Protection: Implement robust data protection measures in line with Indonesia's PDP Law. The PDPC Singapore Guide to Data Protection by Design.pdf) offers valuable best practices.
Recent Updates
As of 2024, the most recent updates include:
- Draft AI Regulation: The Indonesian government announced plans to issue a comprehensive AI regulation by the end of 2024, building on the existing circular letter on AI ethics.
- AI Center Development: In collaboration with NVIDIA, Indonesia is establishing an AI center in Surakarta, aimed at boosting the country's AI capabilities and ensuring alignment with regulations.
Related Regulations
The AI regulation interacts with several other Indonesian laws:
- Personal Data Protection Law (PDP Law): Enacted in 2022, this law governs the collection and processing of personal data, directly impacting AI systems that use personal information.
- Electronic Information and Transactions Law (EIT Law): This law regulates electronic transactions and systems, including those powered by AI.
- Financial Services Authority (OJK) Regulation on Digital Finance Innovation: This regulation governs the use of AI in financial services, complementing the broader AI framework.
Industry Impact
The regulation is expected to have significant impacts across industries:
- Financial Services: Banks and fintech companies are rapidly adopting AI for credit scoring and fraud detection, but must ensure compliance with both AI and financial regulations.
- Healthcare: AI is being used to improve diagnostics and treatment planning, but strict data protection and ethical guidelines must be followed.
- Agriculture: AI applications in precision farming and crop prediction are growing, aligning with national food security goals while navigating regulatory requirements.
Sources
- Kominfo Circular on AI Ethics
- Indonesia Personal Data Protection Law
- Indonesia National Development Plan
- PwC Indonesia AI Study
- World Bank Report on Indonesia's Digital Economy
- UNESCO AI Ethics Self-Assessment Tool
- OECD AI Principles
- SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations)
- PDPC Singapore Guide to Data Protection by Design.pdf)
- Indonesia's AI Regulation Plans
- Indonesia-NVIDIA AI Center
- Indonesia Electronic Information and Transactions Law
- OJK Regulation on Digital Finance Innovation
- AI in Indonesian Healthcare
- AI in Indonesian Agriculture
Recent developments
- — The White House released a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence, laying out nonbinding recommendations for Congress on a unified federal AI approach. It emphasizes child safety, free speech, innovation, workforce development, and targeted preemption of certain state AI laws.[4] (source)
- — CNN reported that the framework aims to prevent states from setting their own AI rules and keeps AI oversight decentralized across sector-specific regulators rather than a single new agency. The report said the administration wants Congress to turn the framework into legislation, though passage may be difficult.[6] (source)
- — Nixon Peabody said the framework is a blueprint for Congress, not a binding rule, so compliance obligations did not change immediately. The alert highlighted continued uncertainty over whether federal harmonization will happen and noted the framework’s support for preemption of burdensome state AI laws.[3] (source)
- — WilmerHale reported that the framework argues against creating a new federal AI regulator and instead relies on existing sector-specific agencies and industry standards. It also said the administration favors broad federal preemption of state AI laws that burden AI model development.[1] (source)
- — Holland & Knight described the framework as a nonbinding legislative roadmap that prioritizes child protection, community impacts, IP rights, free speech, innovation, and workforce readiness. The firm said the White House cautioned against vague standards, open-ended liability, and fragmented state regulation.[5] (source)
- — The National Governors Association summarized the framework as extending a December 2025 executive order that sought a minimally burdensome national AI framework and preemption of conflicting state AI laws. It said the recommendations cover child protection, infrastructure, IP, free speech, innovation, workforce development, and preemption.[2] (source)
- — The American Hospital Association noted recommendations for regulatory sandboxes, broader access to federal data, and avoiding new federal rulemaking bodies for AI. It also reported that the framework would preempt state laws imposing undue burdens while preserving some state authority over child safety, zoning, and procurement.[7] (source)
- — The White House framed the policy as supporting AI innovation while protecting children and parents, strengthening communities, respecting intellectual property, and preventing censorship. The release also called for faster permitting for data centers and greater access to testing environments for AI development.[4] (source)
- — Industry-facing coverage said the framework could reduce long-term regulatory fragmentation, but it does not change current obligations because it is not yet law. The report suggested AI companies still face a patchwork of state rules until Congress acts.[6] (source)
- — Legal commentary said the framework signals a “light-touch” federal posture centered on innovation and sector-specific oversight. It also emphasized that meaningful regulatory change depends on congressional action, not the framework alone.[3] (source)
- — Minister Meutya Hafid states two AI Presidential Regulations (Ethics implementation and Roadmap, 90% complete) prioritized for signing by President Prabowo in early 2026; details delegated to ministries.[1] (source)
- — Post-public consultation (closed Aug 2025 with 400+ submissions), AI Roadmap and Ethics Guidelines refining for Q1 2026 ministerial decree release, aligning with digital transformation and ASEAN standards; emphasizes governance, data protection, and benchmarks.[6] (source)
Related regulations
- Internet Information Service Algorithmic Recommendation Management Provisions — China, Active
- National Artificial Intelligence Policy Bill — Chile, Active
- Artificial Intelligence Liability Directive — European Union, Active
- Federal Law on the Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence — Mexico, Active
- Law Establishing the Framework for the Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence — Peru, Active
- California Consumer Privacy Act AI Amendments — California, Active, effective 2020-01-01
- GPAI Framework for Responsible AI — AI Regulations, Active
- Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act (TRAIGA, HB 149) — Texas, Active, effective 2026-01-01
Put it into practice
- Generate the policy: NIST AI RMF policy generator (generatepolicy.com)
- Buy the policy pack: NIST AI RMF Implementation Policy (cyberpolicy.shop)
- Build it yourself: Pillar 06 Companion — The 2026 AI Risk Register (ciso.diy)
Browse all regulations · Compliance deadlines · Latest updates